Basic principles of positional astronomy – Astronomical coordinates, Position triangle, Measurement of time, Stellar distances – Stellar photometry and stellar magnitudes, Colour indices – Spectra and spectral classification of stars – Interstellar matter and its phases – Sun, planets and their satellites, minor planets, comets – exoplanets and protoplanetary disks – Basic principles of stellar evolution and final stages of matter – Binary and Variable stars – Characteristics, classification, clusters, and evolution of galaxies – Observations of cosmological importance, theories of creation and evolution of the universe, cosmological models.