Electromagnetic wave propagation modes: Wireless link parameter analysis, fundamental concepts, Maxwell’s equations, electromagnetic spectrum, antenna-antenna parameters, and geometry of satellite orbits.
• Deterministic models of electromagnetic propagation: Empirical models of electromagnetic propagation, wireless channel modeling, multipath effect, and Doppler effect.
• Statistical propagation models: Rayleigh interval model.
• Applications of electromagnetic propagation in terrestrial and satellite networks: Wireless Networks, Mobile Communication Networks, and Satellite Networks.