– Introduction
– Light Interference: Interference from nearly monochromatic sources (lasers), pseudo-monochromatic sources (spectral lamps), and natural light sources (incandescent lamps), based on specific interferometers (Lloyd’s mirror, Newton’s rings, Michelson interferometer – theory of partial coherence of light).
– Light Diffraction: Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction from monochromatic, pseudo-monochromatic, and natural light sources through various apertures (holes, slits, gratings) using a diffractometer setup, determination of the wavelengths of spectral lines from lamps using a grating spectroscope.
– Geometrical Optics: Study of the fundamental laws of geometrical optics (linear propagation, reflection, refraction) and their basic applications in the operation of lenses (thin and thick lenses, converging and diverging lenses, lens systems, aberrations).
– Light Polarization: Generation, analysis, and detection of various polarization states (linear, circular, and elliptical polarization); polarization by reflection and refraction in dielectrics; double refraction in anisotropic crystals.
– Light Dispersion and Absorption: Study of the dispersion using prisms; transmission and absorption spectra of colored glasses; effect of thickness and spectral distribution on light absorption.