·       Theoretical background for the laboratory exercises: Radiometry, Ozone sounding, and Meteorology.

·       Introduction to the measurements of environmental parameters. Representativeness of a measurement. Quality control - quality assurance.

·       Measurements of meteorological parameters 1: Temperature. Reference points and temperatures scales. Meteorological thermometers. Sources of errors in temperature measurements.

·       Measurements of meteorological parameters 2: Humidity, Pressure. Parameters of humidity determination. Psychrometers and hair hygrometers. Spectroscopic hygrometers. Operational principles of other hygrometers. Pressure units. Characteristics and operational principles of barometers.

·       Measurements of meteorological parameters 3: Wind. Scales and units. Characteristics and operational principles of anemometers. Wind-vanes. Calculation of the wind vertical distribution.

·       Radiation measurements: Introduction to measurement methods and quantities. Spectral response of radiation instruments. Geometry of measurements – Radiation flux and intensity. Angular response error.

·       Spectrophotometers 1: Description, characteristics, the grating equation, spectral resolution, stray (scattered) light error.

·       Spectrophotometers 2: Absolute calibration and determination of the wavelength scale. Applications.

·       Broadband radiometers: Determination of spectral response function. Calibration with standard lamps and prototype instruments. Errors due to instrument’s internal temperature variability.

·       Remote sensing of the column number density of atmospheric species from the ground and satellites: Differential optical absorption spectroscopy method, Brewer-Dobson method.

·       Atmospheric remote sensing using lasers (LIDAR)

·       In situ measurements of atmospheric species vertical profiles.

·       In situ measurements of air quality: Atmospheric pollutants NOx, SO2, O3, CO, hydrocarbons, aerosols.